Wednesday, 4 September 2013
Tuesday, 3 September 2013
Fly hearing could help deaf humans
If your attendance at too many rock concerts has impaired your hearing, listen up. University of Iowa researchers say that the common fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, is an ideal model to study hearing loss in humans caused by loud noise. The reason: The molecular underpinnings to its hearing are roughly the same as with people. As a result, scientists may choose to use the fruit fly to quicken the pace of research into the cause of noise-induced hearing loss and potential treatment for the condition, according to a paper published in the online Early Edition of the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
“As far as we know, this is the first time anyone has used an insect system as a model for NIHL (noise-induced hearing loss),” says Daniel Eberl, biology professor and corresponding author on the study. Hearing loss caused by loud noise encountered in an occupational or recreational setting is an expensive and growing health problem, as young people use ear buds to listen to loud music and especially as the aging Baby Boomer generation enters retirement.
Despite this trend, “the molecular and physiological models involved in the problem or the recovery are not fully understood,” Eberl notes. Enter the fruit fly as an unlikely proxy for researchers to learn more about how loud noises can damage the human ear. Eberl and Kevin Christie, lead author on the paper and a post-doctoral researcher in biology, say they were motivated by the prospect of finding a model that may hasten the day when medical researchers can fully understand the factors involved in noise-induced hearing loss and how to alleviate the problem.
The study arose from a pilot project conducted by undergraduate student Wes Smith, in Eberl’s lab. “The fruit fly model is superior to other models in genetic flexibility, cost, and ease of testing,” Christie says. The fly uses its antenna as its ear, which resonates in response to courtship songs generated by wing vibration. The researchers exposed a test group of flies to a loud, 120 decibel tone that lies in the center of a fruit fly’s range of sounds it can hear.
This over-stimulated their auditory system, similar to exposure at a rock concert or to a jack hammer. Later, the flies’ hearing was tested by playing a series of song pulses at a naturalistic volume, and measuring the physiological response by inserting tiny electrodes into their antennae. The fruit flies receiving the loud tone were found to have their hearing impaired relative to the control group.
When the flies were tested again a week later, those exposed to noise had recovered normal hearing levels. In addition, when the structure of the flies’ ears was examined in detail, the researchers discovered that nerve cells of the noise-rattled flies showed signs that they had been exposed to stress, including altered shapes of the mitochondria, which are responsible for generating most of a cell’s energy supply.
Flies with a mutation making them susceptible to stress not only showed more severe reductions in hearing ability and more prominent changes in mitochondria shape, they still had deficits in hearing 7 days later, when normal flies had recovered. The effect on the molecular underpinnings of the fruit fly’s ear are the same as experienced by humans, making the tests generally applicable to people, the researchers note.
“We found that fruit flies exhibit acoustic trauma effects resembling those found in vertebrates, including inducing metabolic stress in sensory cells,” Eberl says. “Our report is the first to report noise trauma in Drosophila and is a foundation for studying molecular and genetic conditions resulting from NIHL.” “We hope eventually to use the system to look at how genetic pathways change in response to NIHL. Also, we would like to learn how the modification of genetic pathways might reduce the effects of noise trauma,” Christie adds.
“As far as we know, this is the first time anyone has used an insect system as a model for NIHL (noise-induced hearing loss),” says Daniel Eberl, biology professor and corresponding author on the study. Hearing loss caused by loud noise encountered in an occupational or recreational setting is an expensive and growing health problem, as young people use ear buds to listen to loud music and especially as the aging Baby Boomer generation enters retirement.
Despite this trend, “the molecular and physiological models involved in the problem or the recovery are not fully understood,” Eberl notes. Enter the fruit fly as an unlikely proxy for researchers to learn more about how loud noises can damage the human ear. Eberl and Kevin Christie, lead author on the paper and a post-doctoral researcher in biology, say they were motivated by the prospect of finding a model that may hasten the day when medical researchers can fully understand the factors involved in noise-induced hearing loss and how to alleviate the problem.
The study arose from a pilot project conducted by undergraduate student Wes Smith, in Eberl’s lab. “The fruit fly model is superior to other models in genetic flexibility, cost, and ease of testing,” Christie says. The fly uses its antenna as its ear, which resonates in response to courtship songs generated by wing vibration. The researchers exposed a test group of flies to a loud, 120 decibel tone that lies in the center of a fruit fly’s range of sounds it can hear.
This over-stimulated their auditory system, similar to exposure at a rock concert or to a jack hammer. Later, the flies’ hearing was tested by playing a series of song pulses at a naturalistic volume, and measuring the physiological response by inserting tiny electrodes into their antennae. The fruit flies receiving the loud tone were found to have their hearing impaired relative to the control group.
| A close-up of a fruit fly whose hearing mechanism is similar to that of humans. Researchers will use the creature as a model to study new cures for hearing loss |
When the flies were tested again a week later, those exposed to noise had recovered normal hearing levels. In addition, when the structure of the flies’ ears was examined in detail, the researchers discovered that nerve cells of the noise-rattled flies showed signs that they had been exposed to stress, including altered shapes of the mitochondria, which are responsible for generating most of a cell’s energy supply.
Flies with a mutation making them susceptible to stress not only showed more severe reductions in hearing ability and more prominent changes in mitochondria shape, they still had deficits in hearing 7 days later, when normal flies had recovered. The effect on the molecular underpinnings of the fruit fly’s ear are the same as experienced by humans, making the tests generally applicable to people, the researchers note.
“We found that fruit flies exhibit acoustic trauma effects resembling those found in vertebrates, including inducing metabolic stress in sensory cells,” Eberl says. “Our report is the first to report noise trauma in Drosophila and is a foundation for studying molecular and genetic conditions resulting from NIHL.” “We hope eventually to use the system to look at how genetic pathways change in response to NIHL. Also, we would like to learn how the modification of genetic pathways might reduce the effects of noise trauma,” Christie adds.
Wednesday, 31 July 2013
| General | 2G Network | GSM 900 / 1800 - SIM 1 & SIM 2 |
|---|---|---|
| SIM | Dual SIM | |
| Announced | 2013, April | |
| Status | Available. Released 2013, April |
| Body | Dimensions | 142.8 x 76 x 10.6 mm (5.62 x 2.99 x 0.42 in) |
|---|---|---|
| Weight | 186 g (6.56 oz) |
| Display | Type | TFT touchscreen |
|---|---|---|
| Size | 480 x 800 pixels, 5.0 inches (~187 ppi pixel density) | |
| Multitouch | Yes |
| Sound | Alert types | Vibration, Polyphonic(64), MP3 ringtones |
|---|---|---|
| Loudspeaker | Yes | |
| 3.5mm jack | Yes |
| Memory | Card slot | microSD, up to 32 GB |
|---|---|---|
| Internal | 110 MB |
| Data | GPRS | Class 10 (4+1/3+2 slots), 32 - 48 kbps |
|---|---|---|
| EDGE | Class 12 | |
| WLAN | Wi-Fi 802.11 b/g/n, Wi-Fi hotspot | |
| Bluetooth | Yes, v3.0 | |
| USB | Yes |
| Camera | Primary | 3.15 MP, 2048x1536 pixels |
|---|---|---|
| Video | Yes | |
| Secondary | No |
| Features | OS | Android OS, v2.3 (Gingerbread) |
|---|---|---|
| CPU | 1 GHz | |
| Sensors | Accelerometer | |
| Messaging | SMS(threaded view), MMS, Email, Push Email, IM | |
| Browser | HTML | |
| Radio | FM radio | |
| GPS | Yes | |
| Java | Yes, via Java MIDP emulator | |
| Colors | Black | |
| - SNS integration - MP3/WAV/AAC+ player - MP4/H.263/H.264/WMV player - Google Search, Maps, Gmail, YouTube, Google Talk - Document viewer - Photo viewer - Organizer - Voice memo/dial - Predictive text input |
| Battery | ||
|---|---|---|
| Stand-by | Up to 280 h | |
| Talk time | Up to 7 h |
Solar heating in European Union + CH
| # | Country | 2008 | 2009 | 2010[65] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 7,766 | 8,896 | 9,677 | |
| 2 | 2,708 | 2, 852 | 2,859 | |
| 3 | 2,268 | 2,518 | 2,686 | |
| 4 | 1,124 | 1,404 | 1,870 | |
| 5 | 988 | 1,262 | 1,475 | |
| 6 | 1,137 | 1,371F | 1,102 | |
| 7 | 416 | 538 | 627 | |
| 8 | 485 | 515 | 501 | |
| 9 | 223 | 345 | 471 | |
| 10 | 256 | 357 | 459 | |
| 11 | 270 | 333 | 401 | |
| 12 | 293 | 331 | 368 | |
| 13 | 254 | 285 | 313 | |
| 14 | 188 | 204 | 230 | |
| 15 | 202 | 217 | 227 | |
| 16 | 116 | 148 | 216 | |
| 17 | 96 | 112 | 123 | |
| 18 | 18 | 58 | 105 | |
| 19 | 52 | 75 | 92 | |
| 20 | 67 | 76 | 85 | |
| 21 | 22 | 90 | 74 | |
| 22 | 66 | 80 | 73 | |
| 23 | 25 | 29 | 32 | |
| 24 | 18 | 19 | 23 | |
| 25 | 16 | 19 | 22 | |
| 26 | 1 | 2 | 2 | |
| 27 | 3 | 2 | 2 | |
| 28 | 5 | 1 | 1 | |
| Total | EU27+Sw (MWth) | 19,083 | 22,137 | 24,114 |
| * = estimation, F = France as a whole | ||||
Monday, 29 July 2013
Ta-Fone A34 with dual SIM and Calling
2
This Tab is also an outcome of the fight which is incessantly fought between all the Tablet manufacturers for their supremacy( at least existence) in the Tablet market. Ta-Fone A34 from Karbonn comes with Android ICS version of OS and is a 7 inch device with all the other basic features of a Tab under the hood. With 1Ghz Cortex A9 Processor and 512 RAM, this Tab is up for glitch and hassle free performance. Dual camera is another impressive add to this Tab’s profile. The resolution sports 800×480 pixels which is crisp to a good extend.
Feature and Specification are as follow:
| Operating System | |
| OS | Android |
| Version | Ice Cream Sandwich(ICS v4.0) |
| Upgradable | No |
| Calling Feature | |
| SIM slots | Yes,2 |
| Network(s) | 2G: GSM 900, GSM 1800 |
| SIM Calling | Yes |
| PROCESSOR | |
| Speed | 1GHz |
| Brand | ARM |
| Type | Cortex A9 |
| MEMORY | |
| RAM | 512MB |
| Internal Memory | 4GB(2 GB accessible) |
| Expandable Upto | 32GB |
| Memory Card Type | mSD |
| DISPLAY FEATURES | |
| Screen Size | 7inch |
| Display Type | Capacitive Touch Screen |
| Resolution | 800×480 pixels |
| View Angle | NA |
| CAMERA CONFIG | |
| Primary ( Rear) | 2MP |
| Secondary ( Front) | VGA |
| Video Capture (Resolution) | VGA |
| BATTERY | |
| mAh | 3000 |
| Average Video Play Time | 3hrs |
| Average Battery Life | 3.5hrs |
| Standby Time (hrs) | NA |
| CONNECTIVITY OPTIONS | |
| Wi-Fi | Yes |
| Wi-Fi Version | 802.11b/g/n |
| 3G | Yes via external dongle |
| 2G/EDGE | Yes, via SIM |
| Bluetooth | Yes |
| Btversion | Version 3 |
| HDMI | No |
| miniHDMI | Yes,1 |
| USB2.0 | No |
| miniUSB | Yes,1 |
| NAVIGATION | |
| GPS/A-GPS | Yes, GPS |
| Map support | Google Maps |
| DONGLE INFO | |
| Dongles Supported | Yes |
| Dongle List | NA |
| MEDIA FILES SUPPORTED | |
| AudioFiles | MP3, WMA, WAV |
| Video Files | MP4, AVI, mpg, 3gp |
| EXTERNAL SUPPORT | |
| Pendrive (upto) | Yes, 8GB |
| Hard Drive (upto) | No |
| ERGONOMICS | |
| Dimensions ( L x B x H) | NA |
| Weight | NA |
| SOUND | |
| Loud Speaker | Yes, Dual |
| 3.5mm Jack | Yes,1 |
| IN THE BOX | |
| Items | Tablet, Battery, User Manual, Warranty Card, Charger, Headset, USB Cabl |
Karbonn Smart Tab 1 Specification
Although the Karbonn claims that its Smart Tab has superior video and gaming experience, thus targeting consumer who are looking for entertainment in their tablet. Booking of tablet has been started and follow here to book Smart Tab1 online.
Before that check out the specification of Karbonn tablet.
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| Operating System | |
| OS | Android |
| Version | Ice Cream Sandwich(ICS v4.0.3) |
| Up-gradable | No |
| Calling Feature | |
| SIM slots | NO |
| Network(s) | NO |
| SIM Calling | NO |
| PROCESSOR | |
| Speed | 1.2GHz |
| Brand | MIPS |
| Type | NA |
| Core | Single |
| MEMORY | |
| RAM | 512MB |
| Internal Memory | 1GB usable |
| Expandable Upto | 32GB |
| Memory Card Type | mSD |
| DISPLAY FEATURES | |
| Screen Size | 7 inch |
| Display Type | Capacitive Touch Screen 5 point multitouchScratch resistant |
| Resolution | 800×480 pixels |
| View Angle | NA |
| CAMERA CONFIG | |
| Primary ( Rear) | 2MP |
| Secondary ( Front) | No |
| Video Capture (Resolution) | Yes, 1080p |
| BATTERY | |
| mAh | 3700 |
| Average Video/Music Play Time | 4hrs/12hrs |
| Average Battery Life | 4.5hrs |
| Standby Time (hrs) | NA |
| CONNECTIVITY OPTIONS | |
| Wi-Fi | Yes |
| Wi-Fi Version | 802.11b/g/n |
| 3G | Yes via external dongle |
| 2G/EDGE | Yes, via external dongle |
| Bluetooth | Yes |
| Btversion | Version 3 |
| HDMI | No |
| miniHDMI | Yes |
| USB2.0 | Yes, 2 |
| miniUSB | NA |
| NAVIGATION | |
| GPS/A-GPS | NA |
| Map support | Google Maps |
| DONGLE INFO | |
| Dongles Supported | Yes |
| Dongle List | 2G / 3G(WCDMA):-Huwai E1766, Huwai E230, Huwai E160E, Huwai E182G, Huwai E220, I-230, YE261, Huwai E1750, ZTE MF637U, ZTE MF633BP-1, Huwai E1756, UMG1691, SRT-H800,Huwai E1782CDMA2000 / EVDO:-Huwai EU830,Huwai EC1261, Huwai E150, Huwai EC122,Huwai EC1270, Huwai EC156, ZTE AC2746,ZTE AC590, C820, SEC790, ZTE AC580, ZTE AC2736, SRT H800. |
| MEDIA FILES SUPPORTED | |
| AudioFiles | MP3, WMA, WAV |
| Video Playback | Yes, Full HD |
| Video Files | MP4, AVI, MPG, 3GP, FLV, VOB, MPEG, WMV,MOV, MKV, TS, TP, M2TS, DAT, PMP ASF |
| EXTERNAL SUPPORT | |
| Pendrive (upto) | Yes, 8GB |
| Hard Drive (upto) | No |
| ERGONOMICS | |
| Dimensions | 12.1 cm x 0.8 cm x 19.3 cm |
| Weight | 295g |
| SOUND | |
| Loud Speaker | Yes, Dual |
| 3.5mm Jack | Yes,1 |
| IN THE BOX | |
| Items | Tablet, Battery, User Manual, Warranty Card,Headset, USB Cable, Dongl |
Ta-Fone A37 with 3G enabled SIM
| Operating System | |
| OS | Android |
| Version | Jelly Bean( v4.1) |
| Upgradable | No |
| Calling Feature | |
| SIM slots | Yes,2 |
| Network(s) | 2G: GSM 900, 1800; 3G: UMTS 2100 |
| SIM Calling | Yes |
| PROCESSOR | |
| Speed | 1GHz |
| Brand | ARM |
| Type | Dual Core |
| MEMORY | |
| RAM | 512MB |
| Internal Memory | 4GB(2GB accessible) |
| Expandable Upto | 32GB |
| Memory Card Type | mSD |
| DISPLAY FEATURES | |
| Screen Size | 7inch |
| Display Type | Capacitive Touch Screen |
| Resolution | 800×480 pixels |
| View Angle | NA |
| CAMERA CONFIG | |
| Primary ( Rear) | 2MP |
| Secondary ( Front) | VGA |
| Video Capture (Resolution) | VGA |
| BATTERY | |
| mAh | 3000 |
| Average Video/Audio Play Time | 3hrs/8hrs |
| Average Battery Life | 3.5hrs |
| Standby Time (hrs) | NA |
| CONNECTIVITY OPTIONS | |
| Wi-Fi | Yes |
| Wi-Fi Version | 802.11b/g/n |
| 3G | Yes via SIM |
| 2G/EDGE | Yes, via SIM |
| Bluetooth | Yes |
| Btversion | version 3 |
| HDMI | No |
| miniHDMI | Yes,1 |
| USB2.0 | No |
| miniUSB | Yes,1 |
| NAVIGATION | |
| GPS/A-GPS | Yes |
| Map support | Google Maps |
| DONGLE INFO | |
| Dongles Supported | Yes |
| Dongle List | |
| MEDIA FILES SUPPORTED | |
| AudioFiles | All popular audio files |
| Video Files | MP4, AVI, 3GP, MPEG |
| EXTERNAL SUPPORT | |
| Pendrive (upto) | Yes, 8GB |
| Hard Drive (upto) | No |
| ERGONOMICS | |
| Dimensions ( L x B x H) | NA |
| Weight | NA |
| SOUND | |
| Loud Speaker | Yes, Dual |
| 3.5mm Jack | Yes,1 |
| IN THE BOX | |
| Items | Tablet, Battery, User Manual, Warranty Card, Charger, Headset, USB Cable |
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